Due to the destructive effects of greenhouse gases on the environment, such as global warming, surface water pollution, acid rain, etc., extensive measures have been taken to address these problems and reduce their effects.in recent years One of the most effective ways to reduce greenhouse gases from power plants has been the use of clean sources such as solar and wind energy. Based on the simulation results, the efficiency of the proposed method is confirmed.Īccording to statistics published in 2018 by the International Energy Agency, 37.5% of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases produced by various sources mainly came from fossil fuel power plants. In this research, using fuzzy detection method, a suitable method for detecting the error of partial shadow occurrence in solar cells is presented. Also, if these errors are not detected and fixed in time, they can lead to power loss (not using the maximum potential of the panel), device failure and eventually fire. In this case, training skilled manpower and the constant presence of an expert on site can be very costly and uneconomical. On the other hand, most solar power plants are located in desert areas, which make them difficult to access and visit. Therefore, as much as possible, efforts should be made to detect and eliminate errors in the shortest possible time without shutting down the power plant. Given the fact that the equipment and technology of photovoltaic systems are expensive and their efficiency is currently relatively low (about 20%), a complete shutdown of the plant or part of it can be economical, return on investment and achieve profitability. In such a situation, in order to maintain the safety of the specialist, protective measures such as shutting down the power plant or isolating the faulty part are usually taken. Housings can be circular, square or rectangular.Browse the broad range of Voltmeters RS Components have to offer and order today for next day delivery.When a fault occurs in photovoltaic systems, a human expert should be present at the scene and perform tests to determine the location and type of the fault. Typical mounting options include 12-pin DIPs and traditional bezel mounts.Digital screen options include a range of red, blue or green LED or LCD display units to suit your needs under different lighting conditions. Their benefits are the high voltage range capacity of 200KV.Types of Digital VoltmetersDigital panel voltmeters have several different parameters such as supply voltage and meter accuracy.
The torque-to-weight ratio is high which means increased accuracy of readings.Electrostatic voltmeters measure current flow based on attracting, repulsion or symmetry between two electrically charged plates.
Moving iron voltmeters can measure both AC and DC currents by producing a deflective torque. This is important because objects in parallel encounter the same potential difference.Types of Analogue VoltmetersMoving coil voltmeters have either permanent magnets or dynamometers as measuring components with low power consumption benefits. Typical applications include:AC CurrentsDC CurrentsAutomotive IndustryHVACDomestic SettingsHow do I connect a voltmeter?As a voltmeter is used to measure any potential difference is should always be connected in parallel to the component you wish to measure in your circuit. Voltmeters can be used for either AC or DC current and can display results in either an analogue or digital display format.Electrical Testers can be used to measure the voltage drop across a single component or supply, or they can be used to measure the sum of voltage drops across two or more points or components within a circuit.What are voltmeters used for?Voltage detectors are used in a wide range of applications of industries as their function of displaying voltage levels is useful for safety, efficiency, and measurement purposes. Voltmeters What are Voltmeters?Voltmeters, also known as Electrical Tester, Voltage Tester or Continuity Testers, are instruments that are primarily used in electrical circuits to measure the voltage, or electric potential difference, between two points in the circuit.
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